The production of peptides is generally divided into two methods: chemical synthesis and biosynthesis.
1. Chemical synthesis: Chemical synthesis is a common peptide production method that constructs a polypeptide chain by gradually connecting amino acid units through organic synthesis reactions. This method can produce peptides of various lengths and sequences. The steps of chemical synthesis include:
-Select appropriate protective groups and activating reagents;
-Gradually connect the amino acid units and use appropriate activators and coupling reagents for the reaction;
-Perform steps such as deprotection and purification to ultimately obtain the target peptide.
2. Biological synthesis: Biological synthesis is the use of biological mechanisms within an organism to produce peptides. One common method is to use genetic engineering technology to express target peptides in bacteria or yeast such as Escherichia coli. The steps include:
-Design the gene sequence of the target peptide and insert it into an appropriate expression vector;
-Transforming bacteria or yeast cells, and culturing and inducing expression;
-Harvest the expression product and obtain pure peptides through purification and other processing steps.
Whether it is chemical synthesis or biosynthesis, the production of peptides requires strict control of reaction conditions, purification steps, and quality testing to ensure the purity and quality of peptides. The specific production methods and steps will be adjusted and optimized based on factors such as peptide length, sequence, and usage. In practical operation, it is necessary to choose a suitable method according to the specific situation to produce peptides.